http://dspace.specpeda.cz/handle/0/1541 2026-04-15T10:22:37Z http://dspace.specpeda.cz/handle/0/1634 Recenze: KUCHARSKÁ, A., MRÁZKOVÁ, J., WOLFOVÁ, R., TOMICKÁ, V. Školní speciální pedagog. Praha: Portál, 2013. 223 s. ISBN 978-80-262-0497. Chroboková, Kamila 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.specpeda.cz/handle/0/1569 Historie, současnost a perspektivy rané péče v Pardubickém kraji Jirava, Pavel; Šándorová, Zdenka Prezentovaný příspěvek si klade za cíl představit jednu z forem péče o ohrožené dítě – službu sociální prevence, ranou péči, včetně její historie, současnosti a perspektivy v Pardubickém kraji. Prováděný longitudinální výzkum u konkrétního poskytovatele této služby dává možnost analýzy vybraných dat. Tak může být potvrzena opodstatněnost a efektivita poskytované služby pro velice zranitelnou cílovou skupinu – rodinu s dítětem raného věku s limitovanými možnostmi socializace v důsledku zdravotního postižení (smyslového, mentálního, komunikačního či kombi- novaného).; The theme of early care, i.e. care for an endangered child at an early age and for his family, is a very topical theme given the current criticism of institutional care. The UN Committee for the Rights of the Child, for example, has been very critical of the practices of the Czech Republic in the field of institutional care, complaining that the CR sends a large number of children to children’s homes and institutions for infants, and is one of the EU states with the highest proportion of children in institutional care. It has recommended that greater efforts be made to work with the child’s own family, and this may be effectively furthered by activities developed as part of early care (intervention). Historically, early care or early intervention as it is known abroad, i.e. care for very young children with health disabilities and their families, has some roots in the Czech Republic. According to Matějček (2002) the Czech Republic was one of the first countries where it was put into practice. The question of therapeutic care and help for children with special needs at an early age was timidly raised in the early 1950s and despite intensive development it still left much to be desired. The year 1989 was a watershed. The post-revolution situation opened up the possibility of establishing state and non-state organisa- tions concerned with early care. Organisations providing early care faced a long road, as an interdisciplinary team of special teachers, social workers and others specialising in professional help for children, became today’s practitioners of early care. They accompany the child’s family in the natural home environment, help them to adapt and to cope with crisis situations including the specific develop- ment of the child, and do this to the extent that the family itself asks for help. Early care practitioners are aware that the biggest experts on a child are his or her own parents, and this is the foundation of the approach of the current social prevention intervention service. One of the centres that provide a social prevention service by early care (in line with Law 108/2006 on Social Services in valid wording) in the Pardubice Region is the Early Care Centre Středisko rané péče (SRP) in Pardubice. It has been provid- ing early care since 1st February 2003. Early care provided by the SRP was regis- tered by a ruling of the Regional Authority of the Pardubice Region, department of social affairs. Since 3rd July 2006 the SRP has been a centre approved by the As- sociation of Practitioners in Early Care. The centre is a regional organisation and provides services in accordance with the Standards of Early Care. The mission of the SRP is to support parents and support the development of the child of early age (up to 7 years) with at-risk development (complications at birth, low birth weight, premature babies, hypoxia and so on), or with physical, mental or combined dis- abilities in the Pardubice region by means of a complex of activities. iven that the centre has been working for ten years now and thanks to longitu- dinal research undertaken here, we can analyse what are already relatively high- quality data sets about the clients of the centre. We focused both on the develop- ment of the age structure of clients and on analysis of the disabilities diagnosed. Inter alia we found a significantly higher proportion of boys than girls in almost all time periods. There is a declining trend in average age of end of care and in overall length of care. The proportion of different diagnoses is quite variable. For example, there has been a decline in the number of clients diagnosed with cerebral palsy and substantial increase in the proportion of diagnoses of autistic spectrum and autism. A total of 236 anonymised records of SRP clients were used in the study. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.specpeda.cz/handle/0/1568 Nutnost rozšíření poradenství speciálních pedagogů a psychologů pro sourozence dětí s postižením Kolaříková, Marta Poradenství pro rodiny dětí s postižením je pochopitelně zaměřeno primárně na děti s po- stižením a podporu rodiny. Sourozenci těchto dětí, mladší i starší, stojí na pokraji zájmu služeb a mnohdy i rodičů, nicméně právě oni mají s dítětem s postižením vlastně nejdelší vztah. Příspěvek zdůrazňuje potřebu věnovat zdravým sourozencům podporu. Potřeba pracovat se sourozeneckými skupinami v rámci poskytovaných služeb se již odrazila v mnoha zahraničních organizacích s vý- bornými výsledky, které měly vliv i pro kvalitu života těchto sourozenců (a potažmo vlastně kvalitu života dětí s postižením i jejich rodičů).; The article is focused on the siblings of children with disabilities, who continue to be marginalised from the point of view of advisory services even though siblings are in long-term perspective the people on whom the disabled individual will be relying in the future for help and support. During socialisation, healthy siblings face a risk of social exclusion, with known cases of bullying on account of a disab- led brother or sister. The experience of a life situation associated with stress, conflicts and a feeling of personal failure may consequently cause changes in self- image and self-value and may cause difficulties in later life. The article therefore draws attention not just to the positive factors that we notice in the siblings of disabled children, such as empathy, altruism and considerateness, but also to the stress factors on these siblings. They include the fact that they are required to be more independent than corresponds to their developmental stage defined by age, and that they have to take responsibility for a range of activities and to cope with the distress of their parents, their suffering, grief and tendency to emotional mood swings. Exaggerated parental focus on caring for the disabled sibling means that other siblings feel that they cannot access natural parental emotional and social support. In other countries advisory services - organisations that pay attention to healthy siblings, have been appearing. Since 1990 the “Sibling Support Project” has been working in the United States of America. Its director is Don Meyer of the Kindering Center in Seattle, who is also the founder of what is known as SIB- SHOPS. The organisation’s mission is to increase the mutual support of siblings of disadvantaged children and to raise awareness and understanding of problems of sibling relations among parents and professionals. Future Sibshop organisers attend two-day training courses where they are taught about the lifelong fears of siblings and their needs, but are also managerially trained on how to organise the Sibshop events. The training for founders of Sibshops has led to the establish- ment of more than 430 of these support groups, for example in Canada, England, Ireland, Japan, Iceland, Guatemala, Turkey and New Zealand. The author has started collaboration with the President of the society Don Meyer and believes that it will prove possible to develop the possibilities of expanding advisory ser- vices and organising sibling groups in the Czech Republic. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.specpeda.cz/handle/0/1567 Úloha dětské a dorostové psychiatrie v systému zdravotní, pedagogické a výchovné péče o děti a mladistvé v ČR Čihák, František Článek má za cíl seznámit pedagogickou veřejnost s duševními poruchami dětského a adolescentního věku, jejich příčinami a možnostmi léčení. Podrobněji se věnuje problematice hyperkinetické poruchy (ADHD), jejímu neuroanatomickému a neurofyziologickému podkladu a nepříznivému dopadu na vývoj osobnosti dítěte, pokud není správně léčena. V závěru seznamuje čtenáře se stavem pedopsychiatrie v ČR a jejím potenciálem v rámci mezioborové spolupráce v péči o ohrožené děti.; The article aims to offer the teaching public an account of mental disorders in children and adolescents, their causes and treatment possibilities. It looks in detail at the theme of hyperkinetic disorder (ADHD), its neuro-anatomical and neuro- physiological basis and its unfavourable impact on the development of the child’s personality if it is not correctly treated. At the end the article offers readers a view of the state of child psychiatry in the CR and its potential in the framework of interdisciplinary co-operation in the care of at-risk children. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z